you are getting this error because of resource PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME from the profile which is generally set to 180 days.
To resolve the error please do as following:
Check the database owner with the following statements:
- SELECT owner FROM dba_tables WHERE table_name='T000' (ABAP systems)
- SELECT owner FROM dba_tables WHERE table_name='J2EE_CONFIG' (Java systems)
Use the result in the following statement:
ALTER USER IDENTIFIED BY ;
If this password is altered with the above statement the table SAPUSER isn't changed, so you may face ORA-01017. If you use brconnect oracle dictionary and SAPUSER table are updated:
brconnect -u system/ -f chpass -o -p
If a user is already locked, you can unlock it as follows (951167):
ALTER USER ACCOUNT UNLOCK;
If you're using Oracle 11g, check 1519872 and implement user profile SAPUPROF.
Check 562863 for further information about logon mechanisms.