Projects irrespective of its size require precise planning of the various detailed activities involved in execution of the project. The project manager has the job of ensuring that the project is executed efficiently, on time, and within budget - which he or she achieves by ensuring that the required resources and funds are available as and when needed.
Projects are generally part of the internal processes of a company. To be able to control all tasks in project execution, you need an organizational form that is specific to the project and which is shared by all departments involved. Before you can carry out a project in its entirety, the project goals must be precisely described and the project activities to be carried out must be structured. A clear, unambiguous project structure is the basis for successful project planning, monitoring, and control.
A project is structured as per the following points of view:
- By structures, using a work breakdown structure (WBS)
- By process, using individual activities (work packages)
Project managers usually distinguish between two types of project:
- Externally financed projects
- Customer projects
- Internally financed projects
- Overhead cost projects
- Capital investment projects
The Project system has no organizational structures of its own. You incorporate into your existing structure by making assignments to the organizational units.
Thus each project starts with the definition and classification of the structures required for processing and incorporating these into existing enterprise structure